Until recently, Markov models and analytical methods were fairly obscure mathematical techniques rarely applied outside of academic settings. The advent of functional safety standards, particularly ...

Probabilistic model checking and Markov decision processes (MDPs) form two interlinked branches of formal analysis for systems operating under uncertainty. These techniques offer a mathematical ...

A series of bounds for the availability and unavailability in a fixed time interval, I, for a system of maintained, interdependent components are given in Natvig (1980) in the traditional binary case, ...