If a quadratic equation can be factorised, the factors can be used to find the roots of the equation. The equation factorises to give \((x + 3) (x - 2) = 0 \) so the solutions to the equation \(x^2 + ...

Some quadratics cannot be factorised. An alternative method to solve a quadratic equation is to complete the square. To solve an equation of the form \(x^2 + bx + c = 0\) consider the expression ...

We present a novel idea to compute square roots over finite fields, without being given any quadratic nonresidue, and without assuming any unproven hypothesis. The algorithm is deterministic and the ...