The pinkish-red spots on your birch’s leaves appear to be erineum patches, which are a type of gall caused by very tiny eriophyid mites feeding on the leaf tissue. You will need a microscope to see ...

Steve Nix is a member of the Society of American Foresters and a former forest resources analyst for the state of Alabama. Birch species are generally small- or medium-sized trees or large shrubs, ...

Trees can be identified in winter by observing their needles, bark, branching patterns, and buds. Distinctive bark, such as the smooth gray bark of a beech or the peeling white bark of a paper birch, ...

Why do some trees have leaves, while others produce needles? This beginner's guide introduces needles and scaly and flat leaves to help you understand their identifying factors. With this information, ...

The classic and trusted book “Fifty Common Trees of Indiana” by T.E. Shaw was published in 1956 as a user-friendly guide to local species. Nearly 70 years later, the publication has been updated ...