An acid-base indicator is a substance that changes color as the pH of the solution changes. Indicators work because they are weak acids which when in solution, exist in equilibrium with their ...

This lab includes a theoretical explanation of how buffers work and how they are made, including a derivation of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Students will use what they have learned to ...

Fluid dynamics remains a cornerstone of applied mathematics and engineering, exploring the motion of fluids and the forces acting upon them. Central to this field is the concept of weak ...